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The twenty imports Turkmenistan is best placed to replace.

Turkmenistan imported USD 3.4bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 790m. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

USD 572mthe twenty, imported in 2024
29products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths
69products Turkmenistan already exports well
71product lines imported at USD 10m or more
The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Turkmenistan already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Turkmenistan would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition is trade and capability only, scored out of 8. The UK edition adds which public bodies buy each product and which region holds the capability; those layers are built only where a country publishes contract awards and regional trade, and Turkmenistan does not publish them in a form this record can read yet.

  1. 1

    Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally...HS 730511

    Comes fromKazakhstan 98%, 2 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well17

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 47m, top 6 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2); Kazakhstan supplies 98 per cent (2).

    USD 47mfrom USD 3m in 2022
  2. 2

    Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.c. in heading 7308HS 730890

    Comes fromTurkey 81%, 14 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 11k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 31m
    Countries that export it well33

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 43m, top 7 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 81 per cent (2).

    USD 43mdown 37% on 2022
  3. 3

    Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts, not fitted with connectorsHS 854449

    Comes fromTurkey 84%, 19 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 19k
    Countries that export it well35

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 41m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 20 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 41mdown 3% on 2022
  4. 4

    Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, containing indentations, ribs, grooves...HS 721420

    Comes fromKazakhstan 79%, 4 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded; 1 more line in the heading, USD 24m
    Countries that export it well45

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 37m, top 14 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 1 per cent (3); Kazakhstan supplies 79 per cent (2).

    USD 37mdown 50% on 2022
  5. 5

    Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matterHS 170199

    Comes fromAzerbaijan 97%, 6 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well44

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 22m, top 32 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 3 per cent (3); Azerbaijan supplies 97 per cent (2).

    USD 22mdown 42% on 2022
  6. 6

    Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for...HS 730429

    Comes fromUkraine 47%, 8 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded; 1 more line in the heading, USD 14m
    Countries that export it well18

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 58m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 35 per cent (1); Ukraine supplies 47 per cent (1).

    USD 58mfrom USD 9m in 2022
  7. 7

    Boring or sinking machinery: parts for boring or sinking machinery of subheading 8430.41 or 8430.49HS 843143

    Comes fromChina 79%, 19 source countries
    Nearest export strengthBoring and sinking machinery: not self-propelled (exports USD 3m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 83k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 11m
    Countries that export it well26

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 38m, top 11 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 28 per cent (1); China supplies 79 per cent (2).

    USD 38mup 98% on 2022
  8. 8

    Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on buses or lorriesHS 401120

    Comes fromChina 95%, 9 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 92k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 19m
    Countries that export it well18

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 31m, top 15 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 32 per cent (1); China supplies 95 per cent (2).

    USD 31mup 9% on 2022
  9. 9

    Buildings: prefabricated, not of woodHS 940690

    Comes fromTurkey 85%, 5 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 57k
    Countries that export it well38

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 29m, top 20 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 31 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 85 per cent (2).

    USD 29mup 14% on 2022
  10. 10

    Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, painted, varnished or coated with plasticsHS 721070

    Comes fromChina 100%, 3 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well25

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 22m, top 31 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 17 per cent (2); China supplies 100 per cent (2).

    USD 22mup 45% on 2022
  11. 11

    Aluminium: stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, (not electrically insulated), with steel coreHS 761410

    Comes fromTurkey 89%, 3 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well15

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 19m, top 42 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 18 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 89 per cent (2).

    USD 19mfrom USD 499k in 2022
  12. 12

    Marble, travertine and alabaster: articles thereof, (other than simply cut or sawn, with a flat or even surface)HS 680291

    Comes fromTurkey 86%, 2 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded; 1 more line in the heading, USD 15m
    Countries that export it well16

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 14m, top 73 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 10 per cent (3); Turkey supplies 86 per cent (2).

    USD 14mup 410% on 2022
  13. 13

    Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: phosphatic, superphosphates, other than containing by weight 35% or more of...HS 310319

    Comes fromUzbekistan 100%, 1 source country
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well14

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 14m, top 76 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 7 per cent (3); Uzbekistan supplies 100 per cent (2).

    USD 14ma year
  14. 14

    Preparations with a basis of extracts, essences or concentrates or with a basis of coffeeHS 210112

    Comes fromMalaysia 84%, 8 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 10k
    Countries that export it well25

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 13m, top 80 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 10 per cent (3); Malaysia supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 13mup 29% on 2022
  15. 15

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300490

    Comes fromIndia 28%, 33 source countries
    Nearest export strengthWashing and cleaning preparations: surface-active, whether or not... (exports USD 10m)
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well32

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 68m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 44 per cent (1).

    USD 68mup 27% on 2022
  16. 16

    Tableware and kitchenware: of porcelain or chinaHS 691110

    Comes fromChina 93%, 12 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 144k
    Countries that export it well13

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 18m, top 46 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 41 per cent (1); China supplies 93 per cent (2).

    USD 18mup 22% on 2022
  17. 17

    Reception apparatus for television, whether or not incorporating radio-broadcast receivers or sound or video recording...HS 852872

    Comes fromChina 84%, 5 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well17

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 18m, top 48 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 30 per cent (1); China supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 18mdown 41% on 2022
  18. 18

    Furniture: wooden, other than for office, kitchen or bedroom useHS 940360

    Comes fromTurkey 82%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2k
    Countries that export it well30

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 10m, top 99 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 15 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 82 per cent (2).

    USD 10mup 28% on 2022
  19. 19

    Particle board of wood, whether or not agglomerated with resins or other organic binding substancesHS 441011

    Comes fromTurkey 100%, 1 source country
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 805k
    Countries that export it well38

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 10m, top 100 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 15 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 100 per cent (2).

    USD 10mdown 41% on 2022
  20. 20

    Trailers and semi-trailers: (other than tanker type)HS 871639

    Comes fromGermany 49%, 16 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 100k
    Countries that export it well25

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 21m, top 38 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Turkmenistan's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); Germany supplies 49 per cent (1).

    USD 21mup 76% on 2022

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Turkmenistan already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

No line where the country already exports well and still imports more than it sells abroad.

How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 71 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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What Turkmenistan buys, and from whom: the trade lanes into Turkmenistan.

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