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The twenty imports Luxembourg is best placed to replace.

Luxembourg imported USD 20bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 16bn. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

USD 1.8bnthe twenty, imported in 2024
22products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths
817products Luxembourg already exports well
115public purchases of goods joined to a product family, from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU)
The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Luxembourg already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Luxembourg would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition carries public buyers from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 843 award notices from 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, joined to each product's customs heading through a crosswalk we authored. The buyers are shown as context and do not change the score, because award values in these records include framework ceilings and outliers that would distort it. The regional layer (where the capability sits) is built only where a country publishes regional trade by product, and Luxembourg does not publish it in a form this record can read yet.

  1. 1

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300490

    Comes fromBelgium 83%, 65 source countries
    Nearest export strengthReagents: diagnostic or laboratory reagents on a backing, prepared... (exports USD 13m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 108m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 27m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 651m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 40 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 83 per cent (2).

    USD 651mup 24% on 2022
  2. 2

    Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

    Comes fromBelgium 63%, 64 source countries
    Nearest export strengthTrailers, semi-trailers and other vehicles not mechanically... (exports USD 43m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 51m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 42m
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: MAEE-Direction de la Défense

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 116m, top 6 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 43 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 63 per cent (2).

    USD 116mup 42% on 2022
  3. 3

    Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity over 1500 but...HS 870323

    Comes fromBelgium 44%, 30 source countries
    Nearest export strengthVehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating... (exports USD 109m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 95m; 6 more lines in the heading, USD 1.3bn
    Public buyers in the family10 awards from 8 buyers. Most frequent: Division des Ateliers Centraux

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 427m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 47 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 44 per cent (1).

    USD 427mup 9% on 2022
  4. 4

    Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products: immunological products, put up in...HS 300215

    Comes fromSwitzerland 41%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 429k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 30m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 97m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); Switzerland supplies 41 per cent (1).

    USD 97mdown 27% on 2022
  5. 5

    Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts, not fitted with connectorsHS 854449

    Comes fromGermany 66%, 49 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 3m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 73m
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: Creos Luxembourg S.A.

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 53m, top 16 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 46 per cent (1); Germany supplies 66 per cent (2).

    USD 53mup 12% on 2022
  6. 6

    Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip (not self-adhesive), of polymers of ethylene, non-cellular and not...HS 392010

    Comes fromGermany 54%, 38 source countries
    Nearest export strengthPlastics: stoppers, lids, caps and other closures, for the... (exports USD 53m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 13m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 29m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 65m, top 14 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 41 per cent (1); Germany supplies 54 per cent (1).

    USD 65mdown 17% on 2022
  7. 7

    Aluminium: structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading no. 9406) and parts of structures, n.e.c. in...HS 761090

    Comes fromGermany 44%, 40 source countries
    Nearest export strengthAluminium: structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading... (exports USD 14m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 7m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 49m, top 18 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 50 per cent (1); Germany supplies 44 per cent (1).

    USD 49mup 4% on 2022
  8. 8

    Dog or cat food: put up for retail sale, used in animal feedingHS 230910

    Comes fromGermany 40%, 58 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 40m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 45m, top 20 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 47 per cent (1); Germany supplies 40 per cent (1).

    USD 45mdown 22% on 2022
  9. 9

    Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91HS 490199

    Comes fromGermany 46%, 90 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 4m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 45m, top 20 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); Germany supplies 46 per cent (1).

    USD 45mup 10% on 2022
  10. 10

    Rubber: unvulcanised, compounded with carbon black or silica, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or stripHS 400510

    Comes fromCzech Republic 73%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthRubber: unvulcanised, (compounded other than with carbon black or... (exports USD 6m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 829k
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 32m, top 30 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 46 per cent (1); Czech Republic supplies 73 per cent (2).

    USD 32mup 113% on 2022
  11. 11

    Non-alcoholic beverages: other than non-alcoholic beer, n.e.c. in item no. 2202.10, not including fruit, nut or...HS 220299

    Comes fromBelgium 49%, 48 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 7m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 36m, top 26 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 45 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 49 per cent (1).

    USD 36mup 60% on 2022
  12. 12

    Meat preparations: sausages and similar products, of meat, meat offal, blood or insects, and food preparations based...HS 160100

    Comes fromBelgium 43%, 50 source countries
    Nearest export strengthIce cream and other edible ice: whether or not containing cocoa (exports USD 40m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 32m, top 30 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 31 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 43 per cent (1).

    USD 32mup 9% on 2022
  13. 13

    Spirits, liqueurs and other spirituous beverages: n.e.c. in heading no. 2208HS 220890

    Comes fromBelgium 52%, 45 source countries
    Nearest export strengthLiqueurs and cordials (exports USD 15m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 26m, top 36 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 49 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 52 per cent (1).

    USD 26mup 10% on 2022
  14. 14

    Plastics: builders' ware, n.e.c. or included in heading no. 3925HS 392590

    Comes fromGermany 55%, 54 source countries
    Nearest export strengthPlastics: stoppers, lids, caps and other closures, for the... (exports USD 53m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 3m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 38 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 36 per cent (1); Germany supplies 55 per cent (1).

    USD 25mdown 22% on 2022
  15. 15

    Meat preparations: of the poultry of heading no. 0105, (i.e. of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus)HS 160232

    Comes fromBelgium 53%, 45 source countries
    Nearest export strengthFood preparations: mixes and doughs for the preparation of bread... (exports USD 6m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 3m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 23m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 24m, top 40 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 34 per cent (1); Belgium supplies 53 per cent (1).

    USD 24mup 9% on 2022
  16. 16

    Wood: windows, French-windows and their frames: (of other than tropical wood)HS 441819

    Comes fromGermany 43%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthWood: oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood... (exports USD 971k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 838k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 21m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 13m, top 75 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 25 per cent (2); Germany supplies 43 per cent (1).

    USD 13mdown 10% on 2022
  17. 17

    Paints and varnishes: based on acrylic or vinyl polymers, dispersed or dissolved in an aqueous mediumHS 320910

    Comes fromGermany 68%, 29 source countries
    Nearest export strengthPaints and varnishes: based on polymers n.e.c. in heading no. 3208... (exports USD 13m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: Division des Ateliers Centraux

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 13m, top 78 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 37 per cent (1); Germany supplies 68 per cent (2).

    USD 13mdown 6% on 2022
  18. 18

    Heat pumps: other than air conditioning machines of heading no. 8415HS 841861

    Comes fromGermany 73%, 22 source countries
    Nearest export strengthParts & accessories suited for use solely/principally for the... (exports USD 6m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 877k
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: Luxembourg Institute of Health

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 13m, top 83 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 46 per cent (1); Germany supplies 73 per cent (2).

    USD 13mup 28% on 2022
  19. 19

    Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of polymers of styrene, cellularHS 392111

    Comes fromGermany 63%, 18 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 423k
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 11m, top 94 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 33 per cent (1); Germany supplies 63 per cent (2).

    USD 11mdown 41% on 2022
  20. 20

    Air conditioning machines: containing a motor driven fan, other than window or wall types, not incorporating a...HS 841583

    Comes fromGermany 67%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthRollers: for lawns or sports-grounds (exports USD 2m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 385k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 19m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 3 of 8: import bill USD 10m, top 96 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Luxembourg's export strengths in the top 33 per cent (1); Germany supplies 67 per cent (2).

    USD 10mdown 26% on 2022

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Luxembourg already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

  • Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine... imports USD 383m, exports USD 155m, top source Germany 36%
  • Tobacco: smoking, other than water pipe tobacco, whether or not containing... imports USD 186m, exports USD 53m, top source Germany 35%
  • Waters: including mineral and aerated, containing added sugar or other... imports USD 135m, exports USD 18m, top source Belgium 58%
  • Poly(ethylene terephthalate): in primary forms, having a viscosity of 78ml/g... imports USD 121m, exports USD 11m, top source Germany 32%
  • Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston... imports USD 204m, exports USD 109m, top source Germany 33%
  • Tools, interchangeable: (for machine or hand tools, whether or not... imports USD 76m, exports USD 4m, top source France 27%
  • Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine... imports USD 89m, exports USD 21m, top source Belgium 40%
  • Vehicles: public transport type (carries 10 or more persons, including... imports USD 70m, exports USD 15m, top source Germany 54%
  • Plastics: of polymers of propylene, plates, sheets, film, foil and strip (not... imports USD 83m, exports USD 37m, top source Italy 31%
  • Whiskies imports USD 58m, exports USD 13m, top source Belgium 35%
How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 371 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Public buyers, context only, never scored: 843 award notices from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, of which 163 were classified by the buyer as goods and 115 joined to a product family through a crosswalk we authored, because no official one exists. Only notices whose code names a specific product group are joined; broad division codes are left out. The join is a family, not an exact line, and the counts are a floor.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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