Made here

The twenty imports Greece is best placed to replace.

Greece imported USD 54bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 27bn. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

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USD 2.9bnthe twenty, imported in 2024

109products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths

999products Greece already exports well

1,194public purchases of goods joined to a product family, from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU)

The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Greece already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Greece would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition carries public buyers from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 3,845 award notices from 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, joined to each product's customs heading through a crosswalk we authored. The buyers are shown as context and do not change the score, because award values in these records include framework ceilings and outliers that would distort it. The regional layer (where the capability sits) is built only where a country publishes regional trade by product, and Greece does not publish it in a form this record can read yet.

1

Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: nitrogenous, urea, whether or not in aqueous solutionHS 310210

Comes fromEgypt 82%, 29 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 10m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 25m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 116m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 21 per cent (2); Egypt supplies 82 per cent (2).

USD 116mdown 37% on 2022
2

Aircraft and spacecraft: parts of aeroplanes, helicopters or unmanned aircraft n.e.c. in heading no. 8807HS 880730

Comes fromItaly 67%, 50 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 36m

Public buyers in the family12 awards from 3 buyers. Most frequent: 201 Κεφα

Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 193m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 50 per cent (1); Italy supplies 67 per cent (2).

USD 193mup 187% on 2022
3

Odoriferous substances and mixtures: of a kind used in the food or drink industriesHS 330210

Comes fromIreland 81%, 39 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 6m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 62m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 186m, top 5 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 45 per cent (1); Ireland supplies 81 per cent (2).

USD 186mup 38% on 2022
4

Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: women's or girls', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620462

Comes fromSpain 46%, 62 source countries

Nearest export strengthSkirts and divided skirts: women's or girls', of textile materials... (exports USD 934k)

Exports of this lineUSD 9m; 7 more lines in the heading, USD 186m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 105m, top 9 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2); Spain supplies 46 per cent (1).

USD 105mup 13% on 2022
5

T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 610910

Comes fromSpain 16%, 77 source countries

Nearest export strengthBlouses, shirts and shirt-blouses: women's or girls', of man-made... (exports USD 26m)

Exports of this lineUSD 60m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 47m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 207m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2).

USD 207mup 2% on 2022
6

Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matterHS 170199

Comes fromGermany 38%, 40 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 8m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 196m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 15 per cent (2).

USD 196mdown 16% on 2022
7

Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not...HS 721049

Comes fromTurkey 52%, 28 source countries

Nearest export strengthIron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, plated... (exports USD 10m)

Exports of this lineUSD 14m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 165m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 189m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 46 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 52 per cent (1).

USD 189mdown 17% on 2022
8

Furniture: wooden, other than for office, kitchen or bedroom useHS 940360

Comes fromChina 23%, 75 source countries

Nearest export strengthFurniture: wooden, for office use (exports USD 22m)

Exports of this lineUSD 37m; 6 more lines in the heading, USD 192m

Public buyers in the family19 awards from 16 buyers. Most frequent: Εφορεια Αρχαιοτητων Αργολιδας

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 143m, top 6 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2).

USD 143mup 20% on 2022
9

Vehicles: public transport type (carries 10 or more persons, including driver), with only compression-ignition...HS 870210

Comes fromGermany 43%, 26 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 22m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 140m

Public buyers in the family24 awards from 8 buyers. Most frequent: Υπουργειο Κλιματικης Κρισης Και Πολιτικης Προστασιας, Γενικη Γραμματεια Πολιτικης Προστασιας, Γενικη Διευθυνση Οικονομικων Υπηρεσιων /διευθυνση Προμηθειων/ Α΄ Τμημα Διενεργειας Διαδικασιων Δημοσιων Συμβασεων

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 138m, top 6 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 29 per cent (1); Germany supplies 43 per cent (1).

USD 138mup 125% on 2022
10

Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: men's or boys', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620342

Comes fromSpain 18%, 61 source countries

Nearest export strengthTrousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: men's or... (exports USD 5m)

Exports of this lineUSD 13m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 43m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 116m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 14 per cent (2).

USD 116mup 2% on 2022
11

Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waistcoats and similar articles: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 611020

Comes fromSpain 23%, 68 source countries

Nearest export strengthCoats: men's or boys' overcoats, car-coats, capes, anoraks... (exports USD 7m)

Exports of this lineUSD 13m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 116m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 112m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 19 per cent (2).

USD 112mdown 4% on 2022
12

Perfumes and toilet watersHS 330300

Comes fromSpain 41%, 42 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 27m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 109m, top 9 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 36 per cent (1); Spain supplies 41 per cent (1).

USD 109mup 110% on 2022
13

Electrical transformers: liquid dielectric, having a power handling capacity exceeding 10,000kVAHS 850423

Comes fromChina 72%, 9 source countries

Nearest export strengthEngines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding... (exports USD 108m)

Exports of this lineUSD 353k; 7 more lines in the heading, USD 468m

Public buyers in the family5 awards from 3 buyers. Most frequent: Διαχειριστης Ελληνικου Δικτυου Διανομης Ηλεκτρικης Ενεργειας Α.ε.

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 83m, top 12 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 43 per cent (1); China supplies 72 per cent (2).

USD 83mup 92% on 2022
14

Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than...HS 853720

Comes fromChina 69%, 29 source countries

Nearest export strengthLifts, skip hoists or escalators: parts thereof (exports USD 51m)

Exports of this lineUSD 8m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 73m

Public buyers in the family8 awards from 7 buyers. Most frequent: Υπουργειο Προστασιας Του Πολιτη Γενικη Διευθυνση Οικονομικων Υπηρεσιων & Επιτελικου Σχεδιασμου Διευθυνση Προμηθειων Α΄ Τμημα Διενεργειας Προμηθειων Και Παροχης Υπηρεσιων

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 82m, top 13 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 44 per cent (1); China supplies 69 per cent (2).

USD 82mup 189% on 2022
15

WhiskiesHS 220830

Comes fromUnited Kingdom 65%, 35 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 11m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 101m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 75m, top 15 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); United Kingdom supplies 65 per cent (2).

USD 75mup 10% on 2022
16

Electric generating sets: (excluding those with spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion piston...HS 850239

Comes fromUnited States 93%, 14 source countries

Nearest export strengthMedia n.e.c. in heading 8523, whether or not recorded, excluding... (exports USD 6m)

Exports of this lineUSD 5m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 215m

Public buyers in the family8 awards from 4 buyers. Most frequent: Υπουργειο Κλιματικης Κρισης Και Πολιτικης Προστασιας, Γενικη Γραμματεια Πολιτικης Προστασιας, Γενικη Διευθυνση Οικονομικων Υπηρεσιων /διευθυνση Προμηθειων/ Α΄ Τμημα Διενεργειας Διαδικασιων Δημοσιων Συμβασεων

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 52m, top 23 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 49 per cent (1); United States supplies 93 per cent (2).

USD 52mup 64% on 2022
17

Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than...HS 721499

Comes fromItaly 62%, 15 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 3m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 50 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 22 per cent (2); Italy supplies 62 per cent (2).

USD 25mup 17% on 2022
18

Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

Comes fromGermany 21%, 59 source countries

Nearest export strengthnone named

Exports of this lineUSD 59m; 8 more lines in the heading, USD 311m

Public buyers in the family26 awards from 21 buyers. Most frequent: Δημος Εορδαιας

Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 279m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 41 per cent (1).

USD 279mdown 3% on 2022
19

Ethylene polymers: in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94HS 390110

Comes fromUnited States 15%, 45 source countries

Nearest export strengthPropylene, other olefin polymers: polypropylene in primary forms (exports USD 175m)

Exports of this lineUSD 24m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 294m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 255m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 32 per cent (1).

USD 255mdown 11% on 2022
20

Electric motors and generators: parts suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of heading no. 8501 or...HS 850300

Comes fromIndia 39%, 46 source countries

Nearest export strengthElectrical apparatus: parts (e.g. boards, panels, consoles, desks... (exports USD 31m)

Exports of this lineUSD 4m

Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 254m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Greece's export strengths in the top 44 per cent (1).

USD 254mup 124% on 2022

The whole record for one line, as a document

Work email

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Greece already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

Waters: including mineral and aerated, containing added sugar or other... imports USD 147m, exports USD 54m, top source Romania 24%
Medicaments: (not containing antibiotics, hormones, alkaloids or their... imports USD 116m, exports USD 40m, top source Germany 87%
Insecticides: other than containing goods specified in Subheading Notes 1 & 2... imports USD 110m, exports USD 37m, top source Italy 25%
Washing and cleaning preparations: powders, flakes and granules... imports USD 169m, exports USD 103m, top source Italy 28%
Tobacco: smoking, other than water pipe tobacco, whether or not containing... imports USD 78m, exports USD 14m, top source Germany 42%
Medicaments: containing insulin, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses... imports USD 119m, exports USD 55m, top source France 55%
Paper and paperboard: folding cartons, boxes and cases, of non-corrugated... imports USD 109m, exports USD 50m, top source China 51%
Paper and paperboard: packing containers, including record sleeves, of paper... imports USD 103m, exports USD 46m, top source China 37%
Particle board of wood, whether or not agglomerated with resins or other... imports USD 71m, exports USD 16m, top source Bulgaria 35%
Extracts, essences and concentrates: of coffee, and preparations with a basis... imports USD 74m, exports USD 21m, top source Spain 57%

How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 933 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Public buyers, context only, never scored: 3,845 award notices from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, of which 1,758 were classified by the buyer as goods and 1,194 joined to a product family through a crosswalk we authored, because no official one exists. Only notices whose code names a specific product group are joined; broad division codes are left out. The join is a family, not an exact line, and the counts are a floor.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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What Greece buys, and from whom: the trade lanes into Greece.

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The twenty imports Greece is best placed to replace.

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: nitrogenous, urea, whether or not in aqueous solutionHS 310210

Aircraft and spacecraft: parts of aeroplanes, helicopters or unmanned aircraft n.e.c. in heading no. 8807HS 880730

Odoriferous substances and mixtures: of a kind used in the food or drink industriesHS 330210

Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: women's or girls', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620462

T-shirts, singlets and other vests: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 610910

Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matterHS 170199

Iron or non-alloy steel: flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, (not corrugated), plated or coated with zinc (not...HS 721049

Furniture: wooden, other than for office, kitchen or bedroom useHS 940360

Vehicles: public transport type (carries 10 or more persons, including driver), with only compression-ignition...HS 870210

Trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts: men's or boys', of cotton (not knitted or crocheted)HS 620342

Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waistcoats and similar articles: of cotton, knitted or crochetedHS 611020

Perfumes and toilet watersHS 330300

Electrical transformers: liquid dielectric, having a power handling capacity exceeding 10,000kVAHS 850423

Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than...HS 853720

WhiskiesHS 220830

Electric generating sets: (excluding those with spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion piston...HS 850239

Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than...HS 721499

Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

Ethylene polymers: in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94HS 390110

Electric motors and generators: parts suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of heading no. 8501 or...HS 850300

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

A map of where to look.

Want the Greece edition kept current?