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The twenty imports Georgia is best placed to replace.

Georgia imported USD 9.8bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 1.6bn. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

USD 807mthe twenty, imported in 2024
50products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths
364products Georgia already exports well
168product lines imported at USD 10m or more
The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Georgia already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Georgia would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition is trade and capability only, scored out of 8. The UK edition adds which public bodies buy each product and which region holds the capability; those layers are built only where a country publishes contract awards and regional trade, and Georgia does not publish them in a form this record can read yet.

  1. 1

    Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular...HS 730661

    Comes fromTurkey 100%, 8 source countries
    Nearest export strengthIron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or... (exports USD 8m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 20k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 11m
    Countries that export it well40

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 44m, top 16 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 6 per cent (3); Turkey supplies 100 per cent (2).

    USD 44mup 35% on 2022
  2. 2

    Cigarettes: containing tobaccoHS 240220

    Comes fromLithuania 29%, 18 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 325k
    Countries that export it well41

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 145m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 5 per cent (3).

    USD 145mdown 13% on 2022
  3. 3

    Washing and cleaning preparations: powders, flakes and granules, surface-active, whether or not containing soap...HS 340250

    Comes fromTurkey 83%, 27 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 11m
    Countries that export it well39

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 55m, top 13 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 19 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 83 per cent (2).

    USD 55mup 59% on 2022
  4. 4

    Sanitary towels (pads) and tampons, napkins (diapers), napkin liners and similar articles, of any materialHS 961900

    Comes fromTurkey 81%, 22 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Countries that export it well34

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 45m, top 15 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 29 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 81 per cent (2).

    USD 45mdown 1% on 2022
  5. 5

    Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.c. in heading 7308HS 730890

    Comes fromTurkey 89%, 32 source countries
    Nearest export strengthIron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or... (exports USD 706k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 3m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 38m
    Countries that export it well33

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 42m, top 17 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 27 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 89 per cent (2).

    USD 42mdown 12% on 2022
  6. 6

    Aluminium: alloys, bars, rods and profiles, other than hollowHS 760429

    Comes fromTurkey 97%, 21 source countries
    Nearest export strengthIron or non-alloy steel: angles, shapes and sections, cold-formed or... (exports USD 706k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 44k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 17m
    Countries that export it well31

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 38m, top 18 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 33 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 97 per cent (2).

    USD 38mup 28% on 2022
  7. 7

    Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage not exceeding 1000 volts, not fitted with connectorsHS 854449

    Comes fromTurkey 84%, 36 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 1m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 13m
    Countries that export it well35

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 30m, top 24 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 29 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 30mup 6% on 2022
  8. 8

    Vehicles: public transport type (carries 10 or more persons, including driver), with only compression-ignition...HS 870210

    Comes fromTurkey 75%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 178k; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 71m
    Countries that export it well30

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 29m, top 25 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 40 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 75 per cent (2).

    USD 29mup 364% on 2022
  9. 9

    Cement: portland, other than white, whether or not artificially colouredHS 252329

    Comes fromTurkey 80%, 3 source countries
    Nearest export strengthElectrical energy (exports USD 142m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 88k
    Countries that export it well54

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 17m, top 52 per cent of candidates (0); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 3 per cent (3); Turkey supplies 80 per cent (2).

    USD 17mup 89% on 2022
  10. 10

    Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690

    Comes fromGermany 16%, 52 source countries
    Nearest export strengthDog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding (exports USD 7m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Countries that export it well51

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 63m, top 11 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 18 per cent (2).

    USD 63mup 70% on 2022
  11. 11

    Mechanical shovels, excavators and shovel loaders: n.e.c. in item no. 8429.50HS 842959

    Comes fromTurkey 43%, 14 source countries
    Nearest export strengthTamping machines and road rollers: self-propelled (exports USD 536k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 485k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 26m
    Countries that export it well29

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 50m, top 13 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 43 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 43 per cent (1).

    USD 50mup 113% on 2022
  12. 12

    Sugars: sucrose, chemically pure, in solid form, not containing added flavouring or colouring matterHS 170199

    Comes fromFrance 35%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 198k
    Countries that export it well44

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 48m, top 14 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 11 per cent (2).

    USD 48mup 14% on 2022
  13. 13

    Food preparations: bakers' wares n.e.c. in heading no. 1605, whether or not containing cocoa: communion wafers, empty...HS 190590

    Comes fromTurkey 36%, 36 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 28m
    Countries that export it well47

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 32m, top 22 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 14 per cent (2).

    USD 32mup 101% on 2022
  14. 14

    Chocolate and other food preparations containing cocoa: n.e.c. in chapter 18HS 180690

    Comes fromTurkey 25%, 37 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 326k; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 32m
    Countries that export it well35

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 31m, top 23 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2).

    USD 31mup 69% on 2022
  15. 15

    Tobacco: smoking, other than water pipe tobacco, whether or not containing tobacco substitutes in any proportionHS 240319

    Comes fromTurkey 81%, 11 source countries
    Nearest export strengthTobacco refuse (exports USD 60k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 386k
    Countries that export it well29

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 27m, top 29 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 33 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 81 per cent (2).

    USD 27mup 80% on 2022
  16. 16

    Vinyl chloride polymers: monofilament, of which any cross-sectional dimension exceeds 1mm, rods, sticks and profile...HS 391620

    Comes fromTurkey 72%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 59k
    Countries that export it well17

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 26m, top 31 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 72 per cent (2).

    USD 26mup 1% on 2022
  17. 17

    Iron or non-alloy steel: semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel: containing by weight less than 0.25% of...HS 720711

    Comes fromArmenia 100%, 1 source country
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 941k
    Countries that export it well24

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 33 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 48 per cent (1); Armenia supplies 100 per cent (2).

    USD 25mup 166% on 2022
  18. 18

    Medium density fibreboard (MDF), of a thickness exceeding 9 mmHS 441114

    Comes fromTurkey 84%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthParticle board of wood, whether or not agglomerated with resins or... (exports USD 5m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 476k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 11m
    Countries that export it well30

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 21m, top 39 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 31 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 84 per cent (2).

    USD 21mup 28% on 2022
  19. 19

    Electric accumulators: lead-acid, of a kind used for starting piston engines, including separators, whether or not...HS 850710

    Comes fromTurkey 76%, 24 source countries
    Nearest export strengthResistors: electric heating, other than those of heading no. 8545 (exports USD 2m)
    Exports of this linenone recorded
    Countries that export it well27

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 20m, top 40 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 45 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 76 per cent (2).

    USD 20mup 42% on 2022
  20. 20

    Aluminium: structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading no. 9406) and parts of structures, n.e.c. in...HS 761090

    Comes fromTurkey 70%, 21 source countries
    Nearest export strengthTanks, casks, drums, boxes and similar containers for any material... (exports USD 634k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 195k
    Countries that export it well33

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 18m, top 46 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Georgia's export strengths in the top 27 per cent (1); Turkey supplies 70 per cent (2).

    USD 18mup 70% on 2022

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Georgia already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

  • Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston... imports USD 1.1bn, exports USD 36m, top source United States 77%
  • Vehicles: with only spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston... imports USD 405m, exports USD 21m, top source Japan 39%
  • Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no.... imports USD 478m, exports USD 123m, top source Turkey 24%
  • Cement clinkers (whether or not coloured) imports USD 66m, exports USD 536k, top source Azerbaijan 76%
  • Particle board of wood, whether or not agglomerated with resins or other... imports USD 33m, exports USD 5m, top source Turkey 94%
  • Machinery: for filling, closing, sealing, capsuling or labelling bottles... imports USD 28m, exports USD 2m, top source Germany 52%
  • Glass: carboys, bottles, flasks, jars, pots, phials and other containers of... imports USD 26m, exports USD 3m, top source Armenia 77%
  • Furniture: wooden, other than for office, kitchen or bedroom use imports USD 27m, exports USD 5m, top source Turkey 48%
  • Medicaments: containing vitamins or their derivatives, for therapeutic or... imports USD 31m, exports USD 15m, top source Turkey 67%
  • Medicaments: containing antibiotics (other than penicillins, streptomycins or... imports USD 33m, exports USD 18m, top source Turkey 42%
How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 168 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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